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__NOTOC__ There are currently 10 states in the United States with container deposit legislation, popularly called "bottle bills" after the Oregon Bottle Bill, the first such legislation that was passed.〔(Wasting and Recycling Trends: Conclusions from CRI’s 2008 Beverage Market Data Analysis, Page 4 )〕 Efforts to pass container deposit legislation in the 39 states that do not have them are often politically contentious. The U.S. beverage container industry—including both the bottlers of water, soda, beer, and the owners of grocery stores, and convenience stores—often spends large amounts of money in the United States lobbying against the introduction of both new and amended beverage container deposit legislation. Container deposit legislation (CDL) requires a refundable deposit on certain types of recyclable beverage containers in order to ensure an increased recycling rate. Studies show that beverage container legislation has reduced total roadside litter by between 30% and 64% in the states with bottle bills.〔(Container Recycling Institute Links To Various Government Studies )〕 Studies also show that the recycling rate for beverage containers is vastly increased with a bottle bill. The United States’ overall beverage container recycling rate is approximately 33%, while states with container deposit laws have a 70% average rate of beverage container recycling. Michigan’s recycling rate of 97% from 1990 to 2008 was the highest in the nation, as is its $0.10 deposit.〔Gitlitz, Jenny & Franklin, Pat. (2006) Container Recycling Institute. The 10 Cent Incentive to Recycle”〕 Proponents of container deposit legislation have pointed to the small financial responsibilities of the states. Financing these programs are the responsibility of the beverage industry and consumers.〔 Producers are responsible for disposing of returned products, while consumers are responsible for collecting their refunds. In Connecticut, Maine, Michigan, and Massachusetts the courts have ruled that unclaimed deposits are deemed abandoned by the public and are therefore property of the state. These states use these monies to fund other environmental programs. In California and Hawaii uncollected deposits are used to cover the administrative costs of the deposit program.〔〔(State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection Bottle Bill FAQ )〕 ==States with container deposits== * California (5¢; for bottles or greater, 10¢), California Beverage Container Recycling and Litter Reduction Act (AB 2020) implemented in 1987, last revision made October 2010.〔(California Beverage Container Recycling & Litter Reduction Act )〕 Listed on containers as "California Redemption Value", or "CRV", or "CA Cash Refund" or similar notations. Beverages covered under the act are beer and malt beverage * Connecticut (5¢), Beverage Container Deposit and Redemption Law 1980; not charged on milk (deposit on water bottles went into effect October 1, 2009).〔(Legislation - HB 6602 )〕 Applies to beer, carbonated soft drinks (including mineral water and soda waters) and non-carbonated beverages, "noncarbonated beverages" means water, including flavored water, nutritionally enhanced water and any beverage that is identified through the use of letters, words or symbols on such beverage's product label as a type of water, but excluding juice and mineral water. Beverage container types include bottles, jars, or cartons made from glass, metal, or plastic bottles.〔(Bottle Bill Resource Guide: Connecticut )〕 * Hawaii (5¢), Solid Waste Management Deposit Beverage Container Law (Act 176). Enacted in June 2002. In addition, Hawaii charges a nonrefundable 1¢ fee per container to fund the program. This fee increases to 1.5¢ if the redemption rate reaches 70%. Containers of aluminum, bi-metal, glass, plastic (PETE and HDPE) up to . All non-alcoholic beverage (excluding dairy), beer, malt, mixed spirits, and wine.〔(Hawaii Administrative Rules, Title 11, Department of Health, Chapter 282, Deposit Beverage Container Recycling )〕 Seventy-six percent redemption rate.〔(REPORT TO THE TWENTY-FIFTH LEGISLATURE STATE OF HAWAII 2010 DEPOSIT BEVERAGE CONTAINER PROGRAM )〕 * Iowa (5¢ for containers that held carbonated beverages), Beverage Container Deposit Law 1978. Beverages of beer, wine coolers, wine, liquor, soda, mineral water. Bottles, cans, jars, or cartons made of glass, plastic, or metal.〔(Iowa Department of Natural Resources Waste Management: The Deposit Law )〕 * Maine (5¢, also applies to fruit juice and bottled water; 15¢ for most liquor and wine bottles), Maine Returnable Beverage Container Law 1978. All potable liquids, except dairy and unprocessed cider. All glass, metal, or plastic containers or smaller.〔(Maine Revised Statutes: Title 32, Chapter 28: MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS AND DEALERS OF BEVERAGE CONTAINERS )〕 * Massachusetts (5¢ for containers that held carbonated beverages), Beverage Container Recovery Law enacted in 1982. Beverages include beer, malt, soda, mineral water in jars, cartons, bottles, or cans made of glass, metal, plastic, or a combination.〔(Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Guide for Consumers to the Bottle Bill )〕 Seventy-two point three percent redemption rate.〔(Bottle Bill Resource Guide: Massachusetts )〕 Expansion of the Massachusetts container law was proposed in 2010 by Gov. Deval Patrick, who included the expansion in his fiscal year 2010 budget to include a nickel deposit on water, juice, energy drink and sport drink containers not covered in the original law.〔(Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Bottle and Can Deposits )〕 As of September 13, 2013, efforts were underway to update the Massachusetts Bottle Bill through a statewide ballot initiative. * Michigan (10¢ non-refillable, 10¢ refillable)—Michigan Beverage Container Act 1978. For beverages of beer, soda pop, carbonated and mineral water, wine coolers, canned cocktails. In containers made of metal, glass, paper, or plastic under .〔(Michigan Legislature BEVERAGE CONTAINERS Initiated Law 1 of 1976 )〕 Ninety-seven percent redemption rate. Escheated deposits are divided as: 75% to State Cleanup and Redevelopment Trust Fund, 25% returned to retailers. Redemption limit per person, per day, is $25 in deposits.〔(MICHIGAN BOTTLE DEPOSIT LAW FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS )〕 * New York (5¢), New York State Returnable Container Law 1982. For containers under one gallon, that held carbonated beverages or water (the law was amended to include water containers on October 31, 2009)〔(New York State Department of Environmental Conservation )〕 Beverages include beer, malt beverages, soda, juice spritzers containing added water or sugar, wine product,〔Defined as a beverage containing wine with added juice, flavoring, water, citric acid, sugar and carbon dioxide, not containing more than six percent alcohol by volume (typically referred to as "wine coolers"). http://www.sla.ny.gov/definition-of-license-classes〕 and bottled water without added sugar. Hard cider and wine are exempt from the deposit, whether or not they are carbonated. Container types are metal, glass, paper, plastic or a combination under . Overall redemption rates as of 2007 were 66%; 76% for beer, 56.6% for soda, and 64.7% for wine product. Redemption limit is 240 containers per person, per day, but this can be circumvented by notifying the business at least 48 hours in advance, in which case the business is compelled to take any amount.〔(New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Solid & Hazardous Materials BEVERAGE CONTAINER DEPOSIT AND REDEMPTION STATISTICS As Reported For The Period October 1, 2006 - September 30, 2007 )〕 As of March 2010, all business which sell beverages in beverages containers for consumption off site and are part of a chain of businesses of 10 or more under common ownership are required to install 3–8 reverse vending machines on their premises depending on area of the business.〔(NEW YORK STATE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION LAW ARTICLE 27— COLLECTION, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF REFUSE AND OTHER SOLID WASTE )〕 * Oregon (5¢), the Oregon Bottle Bill. Beverages covered are beer, malt, soda, and bottled water. Included are bottles, cans, or jars made of glass, metal, or plastic bottles. Redemption rate is 83%. Redemption limit per person, per day is 144 containers (50 containers for stores less than ).〔(State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality The Expanded Bottle Bill 2007 Legislation Added Water Bottles, Created Task Force )〕 * Vermont (5¢; for most liquor bottles, 15¢), Beverage Container Law 1973. Includes beer, malt, soda, mixed wine drinks, liquor. Containers included are bottles, cans, jars, or cartons composed of glass, metal, paper, plastic, or a combination.〔(The Vermont Statutes Online Title 10: Conservation and Development Chapter 53: BEVERAGE CONTAINERS; DEPOSIT-REDEMPTION SYSTEM )〕 Redemption rate is 85%.〔(Vermont Bottle Bill History )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Container deposit legislation in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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